Materi Bahasa Inggris: Describing Things, Person and Events

When we need to describe something, whether is is a thing, person or event, we will always have to use adjectives, adjectives used in descriptions are called

opinion adjectives. Keep in mind that adjectives are always subjective, it belong to each person and can not be objectified or generalized. An object may have an A impression for one and B impression for others, it will never be the same. Some adjective give a general opinion. We can use these adjective to describe almost any noun.

(Translate to Bahasa Indonesia => Bila kita menggambarkan sesuatu, apakah itu benda, orang atau acara, kita harus selalu menggunakan kata sifat, kata sifat yang digunakan dalam deskripsi disebut kata sifat opini. Ingatlah bahwa kata sifat selalu subjektif, itu tergantung setiap orang dan tidak dapat dipukul rata. Sebuah benda mungkin memiliki kesan A oleh seseorang, dan kesan B bagi orang lain, objek tidak akan pernah sama. Beberapa kata sifat memberi pendapat umum. Kita bisa menggunakan kata sifat ini untuk menggambarkan hampir semua kata benda).

Good	Bad	Lovely
Beautiful	Nice	Excellent
Awful	Important	Wonderful

➤Some objective give a specific opinion. We only use these adjective to describe particular of noun.
(Translate to Bahasa Indonesia => Beberapa kata sifat memberikan pendapat khusus, kita hanya menggunakan kata sifat ini untuk menggambarkan kata benda tertentu)
Example:

• Food: tasty, delicious
• Furniture, building, or room :comfortable, nice, cold, warm, compact
• People or animal : clever, telegenik, friendly, cheerful

➤We usually put a general opinion in front of specific opinion
(Translate to Bahasa Indonesia => Kita biasanya meletakkan kata sifat umum di depan kata sifat khusus)
Example:

• Nice testy soap
• A lovely intelligent animal

➤We usually put an adjective that give an opinion in front of an adjectives that is descriptive.
(Translate to Bahasa Indonesia => Kita biasanya meletakkan kata sifat yang memberikan pendapat di depan kata sifat yang bersifat deskriptif.
Example:

• That's a nice red dress
• That's a horrible yellow curtains

Read Also : Formal and Informal Greeting

➤We often have two adjective in front of noun.
(Translate to Bahasa Indonesia => Kita sering menggunakan dua kata sifat di depan kata benda)
Example:

• A handsome young man
• A big black car

➤We sometimes have three adjective in front of noun, but this is unusual
(Translate to Bahasa Indonesia => Kita kadang-kadang meletakkan tiga kata sifat didepan kata benda, tetapi ini tidak umum)
Examples:

•  nice handsome young man
•  big black American muscle car

➤It is very unusual to have more than three adjectives!!!

➤Adjective usually come in this order
General opinion ⟶ Specific opinion ⟶ Size ⟶ Shape ⟶ Age ⟶ Color ⟶ Nationally ⟶ Material ⟶ Other descriptions.

➤We use some adjectives only after a link verb

Afraid	Alive	Alone	Asleep
Content	Glad	Ill	Ready
Sorry	Sure	Unable	Well

➤Some of component -ed adjectives a normally use only after a link verb. Some of the adjectives are annoyed, finished, bored, pleased, thrilled. The sentences pattern will have to be active.
Example:

• Our teacher was ill
• My uncle was very glad when we heard the news
• The policemen seemed to be very annoyed

We do not say:

• ✖ We had an ill teacher
• ✖ When he heard the news, he was a very glad uncle
• ✖ He seemed to be very annoyed policemen

➤Few adjective are used only in front of noun

North	northern	Countless Occasional Lone	Eventful Indoor Outdoor
South	Southern
East	Eastern
West	Western

We say:

• He live in the western district
• There were countless problem with the new military

We do not say:

• ✖ The district he live is eastern
• ✖ The problem with the new machinery were countless

Source: spm book, publisher erlangga

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